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Games that use dice and the dice themselves date back to the Middle Eastern Crusades, but modern craps is approximately one hundred years old. Current craps come about from the ancient English game referred to as Hazard. Nobody absolutely knows the origin of the game, although Hazard is said to have been created by the Anglo, Sir William of Tyre, around the 12th century. It’s supposed that Sir William’s soldiers enjoyed Hazard during a siege on the fortress Hazarth in 1125 AD. The name Hazard was derived from the fortification’s name.
Early French colonizers imported the game Hazard to Nova Scotia. In the 1700s, when displaced by the English, the French moved down south and discovered refuge in the south of Louisiana where they eventually became Cajuns. When they left Acadia, they took their favored game, Hazard, with them. The Cajuns streamlined the game and made it mathematically fair. It is believed that the Cajuns altered the name to craps, which is derived from the name of the losing toss of 2 in the game of Hazard, referred to as "crabs."
From Louisiana, the game extended to the Mississippi barges and across the country. Most acknowledge the dice builder John H. Winn as the creator of current craps. In the early 1900s, Winn developed the current craps layout. He added the Do not Pass line so players could bet on the dice to not win. Later, he established the spots for Place bets and put in place the Big 6, Big 8, and Hardways.