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Dice and dice games date all the way back to the Middle Eastern Crusades, but current craps is approximately 100 years old. Current craps developed from the 12th Century Anglo game called Hazard. Nobody knows for certain the ancestry of the game, but Hazard is said to have been invented by the Englishman, Sir William of Tyre, around the twelfth century. It’s theorized that Sir William’s paladins gambled on Hazard amid a blockade on the fortification Hazarth in 1125 AD. The name Hazard was acquired from the citadel’s name.
Early French settlers imported the game Hazard to Nova Scotia. In the 18th century, when displaced by the English, the French moved down south and discovered safety in the south of Louisiana where they eventually became Cajuns. When they departed Acadia, they brought their best-loved game, Hazard, with them. The Cajuns modernized the game and made it fair mathematically. It’s believed that the Cajuns adjusted the title to craps, which was derived from the name of the non-winning throw of two in the game of Hazard, recognized as "crabs."
From Louisiana, the game migrated to the Mississippi river boats and throughout the country. A great many think the dice builder John H. Winn as the creator of modern craps. In the early 1900s, Winn created the current craps setup. He put in place the Do not Pass line so gamblers could bet on the dice to not win. Afterwords, he invented the spots for Place bets and put in place the Big 6, Big 8, and Hardways.